Objectives:To study the efficiency and safety of instillation with epirubicin(EPI) to prevent) postoperative recurrence of superficial bladdercancer. Materials and methods52 cases with superficial bladder cancer were enrolled in thisstudy from November 2002 to January 2005. 42 male and 10 femalepatients (81% male and19% female patients) in this study werediagnosed as primary TCC bladder tumours. Only 15 of them werestage Ta and 37 of themwere stage T1. Examining the histologicalgrade of the bladder tumours, 7 of the patients had grade I, 36 hadgrade II, 9 had grade III.The patients were instilled with epirubicin (80mg/40 ml in normalsaline) within 6 hours after transurethral resectionor partial bladder removal after a definite histopathological diagnosisof superficial bladder cancer. Thereafter patients received intravesicalinstillations of epirubicin (50 mg/40 ml in normalsaline) every threemonths to complete 2 years of treatment. Cystoscopy examination wasperformed in each case every three months. Result:Among the 52 evaluable patients (42 men and 10 women, meanage 62 years) mean followup was 16.8 months (range 12 to 24).Patients were followed with cystoscopy every 3 months for 2 years oruntil the initial recurrence. The recurrence rate was 9.6% (5/52) at 1year, and 18.1% (4/22) at 2 years after operation. The incidence ofside effects was 11.6% (6/52). Intravesical epirubicin was generallytolerated was associated with a low incidence of mild chemical cystitisThere were no severe side effects in therapy.ConclusionsThis projete, instillation with large dose epirubicin immediatelyafter operations and 50 mg epirubicin every three months thereafter, ismarkedly effective for preventing the recurrence of superficial bladdertumors after surgical management. Its side effects are mild. Thismethod is of high clinical value.