Pavement on bridge is an important part of the vehicle system. It carries load directly, therefore it affects the durability, comfort and vehicle travel safety. However, orthotropic steel bridge deck is prone to deform under load, and the situation of its stress is complicated, as well as impacted by overloaded trucks, the SBS modified asphalt available currently can't meet the demands of bridge construction and tend to cause the slip and delamination of the asphalt concrete pavement on steel bridge deck. The epoxy modified asphalt has excellent mechanical properties. It can increase the adhesive strength of the bonding layer between the steel bridge deck and the paving layer, and reduce diseases of the bridge deck pavement due to the weak shear strength of the bonding layer.  In this paper, hot-mixed and solvent-type epoxy modified asphalt are prepared using epoxy resin as modifier. Effect of the compatibilizer on the compatibility of epoxy resin and asphalt is investigated. Besides, the properties, structure and curing reaction of epoxy modified asphalt are studied.  The compatibilizer can enhance the compatibility of epoxy and asphalt remarkably, decrease the segregation of epoxy modified asphalt and make epoxy resin disperse more evenly and finely through the analysis of fluorescence microscopy.  Epoxy resin can greatly improve the mechanical properties of asphalt. The shear and tensile strength of hot-mixed epoxy modified asphalt will increase gradually as the amount of epoxy increases, while the penetration and elongation at break will decrease as the content of epoxy increases. The shear strength of hot-mixed epoxy modified asphalt and base asphalt decrease by increasing temperature, but the change of the former is smaller.  The elongation at break and tensile strength of solvent-type epoxy modified asphalt reach 158% and 4.9MPa by the composite toughener. Tluorescence microscopy shows that the epoxy forms continuous phase when the amount of epoxy resin is 50%.